Search Results for “strength” – Collected book of scientific-technical articles

12.1.2024 Hardening of steels modifying their surfaces with ion-plasma nitriding in glow discharge

manager — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 11:36:02 +0000

12. Hardening of steels modifying their surfaces with ion-plasma nitriding in glow discharge

Authors:

Nadtoka V. M.¹, Shtapenko Ye. P.², Kraeva V. S.¹, Kraev M. V.¹

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine¹; Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies²

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2024, (1); 102-113

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2024.01.102

Language: Ukrainian

Annotation: Steel hardening technology is considered, which implies modification of the steel surface with the method of ion-plasma nitriding in glow discharge. Ion-plasma nitriding is a multi-factor process, which requires the study of the influence of nitriding process conditions on the structure of modified layers, which, in its turn, determines their mechanical properties. The subjects of research included: austenitic steel 12X18Н10T, carbon steel Ст3 and structural steel 45. There were two conditions of plasma creation during the research: free location of samples on the surface of the cathode (configuration I) and inside the hollow cathode (configuration II). Optimal parameters of the ion-plasma nitriding process have been determined, which provide stability of the process and create conditions for intensive diffusion of nitrogen into the steel surface. Hydrogen was added to the argon-nitrogen gaseous medium to intensify the nitriding process. Working pressure in the chamber was maintained within the range of 250-300 Pa, the duration of the process was 120 minutes. Comparative characteristics of the structure and microhardness of the modified surfaces of the steels under study for two ion-plasma nitriding technologies are presented. Metallographic examination of the structure of the surface modified layers in the cross section showed the presence of the laminated nitrided layer, which consists of different phases and has different depths, depending on the material of the sample and treatment mode. Nitrided layer of 12Х18Н10Т steel consisted of four sublayers: upper “white” nitride layer, double diffuse layer and lower transition layer. The total depth of the nitrided layer after the specified treatment time reached 23 μm, use of hollow cathode increased it by 26% to 29 μm. The nitrided layers of steel Ст3 and steel 45 consisted of two sublayers – thick “white” nitride layer and general diffuse layer with a thickness of about 18 μm. The microhardness of the nitrided layer of steel Ст3 was 480 HV, increasing by 2,5 times, and for steel 45 was 440 HV, increasing by 1,7 times. The use of hollow cathode for these steels reduces the depth of the nitrided layer, but at the same time the microhardness increases due to the formation of a thicker and denser nitride layer on the surface. The results of the conducted research can be used to strengthen the surfaces of the steel parts in rocket and space technology, applying high-strength coatings.

Key words: ion nitriding, glow discharge, cross-sectional layer structure, hardening, microhardness

Bibliography:

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2. Al-Rekaby D. W., Kostyk V., Glotka A., Chechel M. The choice of the optimal temperature and time parameters of gas nitriding of steel. Eastern-European journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2016. V. 3/5(81). P.44-49. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2016.69809
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4. Zakalov O. V. Osnovy tertya i znoshuvannya u mashinah: navch. posibnik, vydavnytstvo TNTU im. I. Pulyuya, Ternopil. 2011. 332 s.
5. Kindrachuk M. V., Zagrebelniy V. V., Khizhnyak V. G., Kharchenko N. A. Technologichni aspeckty zabespechennya pratsezdatnosti instrument z shvydkorizalnykh staley. Problemy tertya ta znoshuvannya. 2016. №1 (70). S. 67-78.
6. Skiba M. Ye., Stechishyna N. M., Medvechku N. K., Stechishyn M. S., Lyukhovets’ V. V. Bezvodneve azotuvannya u tliyuchomu rozryadi, yak metod pidvyschennya znosostiykisti konstruktsiynykh staley. Visn. Khmelnitskogo natsionalnogo universitetu. 2019. №5. S. 7-12. https://doi.org/10.23939/law2019.22.012
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9. Pastukh I. M. Teoriya i praktika bezvodorodnogo azotirovanniya v tleuschem razryade: izdatelstvo NNTs KhFTI. Kharkov, 2006. 364 s.
10. Sagalovich O. V., Popov V. V., Sagalovich V. V. Plasmove pretsenziyne azotuvannya AVINIT N detaley iz staley i splaviv. Technologicheskie systemy. 2019. №4. S. 50-56.
11. Kozlov A. A. Nitrogen potential during ion nitriding process in glow-discharge plasma. Science and Technique. 2015. Vol. 1. P. 79-90.
12. Nadtoka V., Kraiev M., Borisenko А., Kraieva V. Multi-component nitrated ion-plasma Ni-Cr coating. Journal of Physics and Electronics. 2021. №29(1). Р. 61–64. DOI 10.15421/332108. https://doi.org/10.15421/332108
13. Nadtoka V., Kraiev M., Borisenko A., Bondar D., Gusarova I. Heat-resistant MoSi2–NbSi2 and Cr–Ni coatings for rocket engine combustion chambers and respective vacuum-arc deposition technology/ 74th International Astronautical Congress (IAC-23-C2.4.2), Baku, Azerbaijan, 2-6 October 2023.
14. Kostik K. O., Kostik V. O. Porivnyalniy analiz vplyvu gazovogo ta ionno-plazmovogo azotuvannya na zminu struktury i vlastyvostey legovannoi stali 30Х3ВА. Visnik NTU «KhPI». 2014. №48(1090). S. 21-41.
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16. Pidkova V. Ya. Modyfikuvannya poverkhni stali 12Х18Н10Т ionnoyu implantatsieyu azotom. Technology audit and production reserves. 2012. Vol. 3/2(5). P. 51-52. https://doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2012.4763
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19. Abrorov A., Kuvoncheva M., Mukhammadov M. Ion-plasma nitriding of disc saws of the fiber-extracting machine. Modern Innovation, Systems and Technologies. 2021. Vol. 1(3). P. 30-35. https://doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2021-1-3-30-35
20. Smolyakova M. Yu., Vershinin D. S., Tregubov I. M. Issledovaniya vliyaniya nizkotemperaturnogo azotirovanniya na strukturno-fasoviy sostav i svoistva austenitnoy stali. Vzaimodeystvie izlecheniy s tverdym telom: materialy 9-oi Mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii (Minsk, 20-22 sentyabrya 2011 g.). Minsk, 2011. S. 80-82.
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6.1.2024 New methods of load-carrying capacity prediction for the ultimately compressed frame structures

Дмитрий Макренко — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 07:56:18 +0000

6. New methods of load-carrying capacity prediction for the ultimately compressed frame structures

Authors:

Muliar Yu. M.¹, Fedorov V. M.¹, Triasuchov L. М.², Kalakutskyi R. G.¹

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine,¹; Kharkiv Aviation Institute, Kharkiv, Ukraine²

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2024, (1); 51-60

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2024.01.051

Language: English

Annotation: Amid acute problems that arise in the field of rocket and space technology, mechanical engineering, and other fields and require a workable engineering solution, the problem of prediction and prevention of the unpredicted collapse of the structural members of the structures subjected to loading is considered. Prediction of the load-carrying capacity and residual life of the space frames during the long-term operation is based on the analysis of the stress and strain state, using readings from the strain and displacement pickups installed in the most loaded zones. In this case the yield strength of the structural material or the fatigue strength of the material may be considered as the criterion of the maximum load. At the same time the loss of stability of the compressed structural members used in the load-carrying thin-walled structures are among the potentially dangerous failure modes. In these cases such failure occurs unexpectedly without any visible signs of change in the initial geometry. Application of the adequate diagnostic techniques and methods of prediction of the maximum loads under compression conditions will make it possible to avoid the structural failures. In this case an assembly under test may be used for other purposes. To perform static strength testing, the rocket and space companies use costly compartments of as-built dimension. Therefore, keeping compartments safe solves an important problem of saving financial costs for hardware production. Nowadays this problem is particularly acute when ground testing the new technology prototypes.

Key words: space frames, load-carrying members, stress and strain state, loss of stability, prediction of the structural failure.

Bibliography:

Prochnost raketnyh konstruktsyi. Ucheb. posobie pod redaktsiyei V.I. Mossakovskogo. M.: Vyssh. shk., 1990. S. 359 (in Russian).
Truesdell C. A first course in rational continuum mechanics. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 1972. Russian translation was published by Mir, M., 1975. P. 592.
Rabotnov Yu. Mehanika deformiruyemogo tverdogo tela.: Nauka, 1979. S. 744.
Bolotin V. Nekonservativnyie zadachi teoriyi uprugoy ustoychivosti. Phyzmatgiz, M., 1961. S. 339.
Feodosyev V. Izbrannyie zadachi i voprosy po soprotivleniyu materialov. Nauka. , 1973. S. 400.
Muliar Yu. M., Fedorov V.M., Triasuchev L.M. O vliyanii nachalnyh nesovershenstv na poteryu ustoychivosti sterzhney v usloviyah osevogo szhatiya. Kosmicheskaya tehnicka. Raketnoye vooruzheniye: Sb. nauch.-tehn. st. 2017. Vyp. 1 (113). S. 48-58. https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2017/113/210
Volmir A. Ustoychivost deformiruyemyh sistem. M., 1967. S. 984.
Muliar Yu. M. K voprosy ob ustoichivosty szhatogo sterzhnya. Tekhnicheskaya mekhanika. Dnepropetrovsk: ITM. 2000. No S. 51.
Muliar Yu. M., Perlik V.I. O matematicheskom modelnom predstavlenii informatsionnogo polia v nagruzhennoy deformiruyemoy sisteme. Informatsionnyie i telekommunikatsionnyie tehnologii. M.: Mezhdunar. akad. nauk informatizatsii, informatsionnyh protsessov i tehnologiy. 2012. No 15. S. 61.
Koniuhov S. N., Muliar Yu. M., Privarnikov Yu. K. Issledovaniye vliyaniya malyh vozmuschayuschih vozdeystviy na ustoychivost obolochki. Mehanika. 1996. 32, No 9. S. 50-65.

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11.2.2017 Remote Monitoring Method of Pneudraulic System Structural Elements Integrity

Виктория Лемех — Thu, 30 May 2024 12:33:16 +0000

11. Remote Monitoring Method of Pneudraulic System Structural Elements Integrity

Authors:

Babii H. M., Tishchenko Y. S., Mogilevtsev O. А.

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2017 (2); 57-59

Language: Russian

Annotation: The remote control method of launch vehicle hydrosystem detachable joints airtightness by mass spectrometer at the Launch Complex in conditions of limited access to hydrosystem elements is under consideration. The additional design development of hydrosystems prior to article roll-out to the launch side is provided for control.

Key words:

Bibliography:

1. Volkov V. P., Kulik A. V. et al. Technological Processes of Strength and Leak Tests in Space Rocketry Production / Under the editorship of L. D. Kuchma. Dnepropetrovsk, 2014. 264 p.

2. Sanin F. P. et al. Leak-Tightness in Space Rocketry: Tutorial / F. P. Sanin, E. O. Dzhur, L. D. Kuchma, V. A. Naidyonov. Dnipropetrovsk, 1995. 168 p.

3. Babkin V. T., Zaichenko A. A. et al. Leak-Tightness of Hydraulic Systems Fixed Connections. М., 1977. 120 p.

4. OST 92-1527-89. Leak Tests of Products Using Mass-Spectrometer Helium Leak Detectors. Test Methods. 138 p.

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3.1.2020 Analysis of the unsteady stress-strain behavior of the launch vehicle hold-down bay at liftoff

manager — Fri, 29 Sep 2023 18:22:49 +0000

3. Analysis of the unsteady stress-strain behavior of the launch vehicle hold-down bay at liftoff

Authors:

Degtiarov М. O.¹, Avramov K. V.²

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine¹; Pidgorny A. Intsitute of Mechanical Engineering Problems, Kharkiv, Ukraine²

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2020, (1); 26-33

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2020.01.026

Language: Russian

Annotation: The study of thermal strength of the hold-down bay is considered. The hold-down bay is a cylindrical shell with the load-bearing elements as the standing supports. The case of the hold-down bay consists of the following structural elements: four standing supports and the compound cylindrical shell with two frames along the top and bottom joints. The purpose of this study was the development of a general approach for the thermal strength calculation of the hold-down bay. This approach includes two parts. Firstly, the unsteady heat fields on the hold-down bay surface are calculated by means of the semi-empirical method, which is based on the simulated results of the combustion product flow of the main propulsion system. The calculation is provided by using Solid Works software. Then the unsteady stress-strain behavior of the hold-down bay is calculated, taking into consideration the plastoelastic deformations. The material strain bilinear diagram is used. The finiteelement method is applied to the stress-strain behavior calculation by using NASTRAN software. The thermal field is assumed to be constant throughout the shell thickness. As a result of the numerical simulation the following conclusions are made. The entire part of the hold-down bay, which is blown by rocket exhaust jet, is under stress-strain behavior. The stresses of the top frame and the shell are overridden the breaking strength that caused structural failure. The structure of the hold-down bay, which is considered in the paper, is unappropriated to be reusable. The hold-down bay should be reconstructed by reinforcement in order to provide its reusability.

Key words: stress-strain behavior, finite-element method, plastoelastic deformations, breaking strength, reusability

Bibliography:

1. Elhefny A., Liang G. Stress and deformation of rocket gas turbine disc under different loads using finite element modeling. Propulsion and Power Research. 2013. № 2. P. 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jppr.2013.01.002
2. Perakis N., Haidn O. J. Inverse heat transfer method applied to capacitively cooled rocket thrust chambers. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 2019. № 131. P. 150–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.11.048
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4. Jafari M. Thermal stress analysis of orthotropic plate containing a rectangular hole using complex variable method. European Journal of Mechanics A /Solids. 2019. № 73. P. 212–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2018.08.001
5. Song J., Sun B. Thermal-structural analysis of regeneratively cooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX / Methane rocket engines. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics. 2017. № 30. P. 1043–1053.
6. Ramanjaneyulu V., Murthy V. B., Mohan R. C., Raju Ch. N. Analysis of composite rocket motor case using finite element method. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2018. № 5. P. 4920–4929.
7. Xu F., Abdelmoula R., Potier-Ferry M. On the buckling and post-buckling of core-shell cylinders under thermal loading. International Journal of Solids and Structures. 2017. № 126–127. P. 17–36.
8. Wang Z., Han Q., Nash D. H., et. al. Thermal buckling of cylindrical shell with temperature-dependent material properties: Conventional theoretical solution and new numerical method. Mechanics Research Communications. 2018. № 92. P. 74–80.
9. Duc N. D. Nonlinear thermal dynamic analysis of eccentrically stiffened S-FGM circular cylindrical shells surrounded on elastic foundations using the Reddy’s third-order shear de-formation shell theory. European Journal of Mechanics A /Solids. 2016. № 58. P. 10–30.
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12. Лойцянский Л. Г. Механика жидкости и газа. М., 2003. 840 с.
13. Launder B. E., Sharma B. I. Application of the energy dissipation model of turbulence to the calculation of flow near a spinning disc. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 1974. № 1. P. 131–138.
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15. Малинин Н. Н. Прикладная теория пластичности и ползучести. М., 1968. 400 с.

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19.1.2020 Pyrobolts: types, design, development. Shear type pyrobolt developed at Yuzhnoye SDO

Вацлав Самусевич — Wed, 13 Sep 2023 12:02:02 +0000

19. Pyrobolts: types, design, development. Shear type pyrobolt developed at Yuzhnoye SDO

Authors:

Samoilenko I. D., Voloshin V. V., Onofriienko V. I., Bezkorsyi D. M.

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2020, (1); 170-176

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2020.01.170

Language: Russian

Annotation: The pyrobolts, or explosive bolts, belong to the pyrotechnical devices with monolithic case consisting o f the cap, as a rule with hexagonal surface, and of cylindrical part with thread. The pyrobolts are separated into parts using the pyrotechnical charge placed inside the case. Owing to the simple design, reliability and short action time, the pyrobolts have found wide application in aerospace engineering for separation of assemblies and bays, in particular, stages, head modules, launching boosters, etc. So, for example, about 400 pyrobolts are used in the Proton launch vehicle. The designs of pyrobolts are markedly different. By method of explosive substance action on case structural elements, the pyrobolts are divided into two types: the pyrobolts using the shock wave formed at detonation of brisant explosive substance for case wall destruction and the pyrobolts using the pressure of gases arising at pyrotechnical charge blasting. By method of separation into parts, they are divided into fragmenting pyrobolts with ridge-cut, with piston, and shear pyrobolts. The paper deals with the design of various types of pyrobolts, their disadvantages are considered. The Yuzhnoye SDO-developed pyrobolt of shear type with segments is presented that uses radial shear forces of segments located in the hole of cylindrical part to separate the case parts. The above segments a re actuated using a rod with sealing rings and a piston connected to the rod through a rubber gasket; the piston moves under pressure of gases formed during pyro cartridge action. The following calculations are presen ted: strength analyses with determination of case load-carrying capacity; power analyses with justification of pyro cartridge selection for pyrobolt actuation. In the developed pyrobolt of shear type with segments, the case parts are separated without considerable shock loads and without high-temperature gases and fragments release into environment, ensuring reliable separation of bays and assemblies without damaging sensitive equipment.

Key words: explosive bolt, shock wave, brisant explosive substance, pyro cartridge, electric igniting fuse, high-temperature gases

Bibliography:

1. Mashinostroenie. Entsiklopediia / А. P. Adzhian i dr.; pod red. V. P. Legostaeva. М., 2012. Т. IV-22. V 2-kh kn. Kn. 1. 925 s.

2. Bement L. J., Schimmel M. L. A Manual for Pyrotechnic Design, Development and Qualification: NASA Technical Memorandum 110172. 1995.

3. Yumashev L. P. Ustroistvo raket-nositelei (vspomagatelnye sistemy): ucheb. posob. Samara, 1999. 190 s.

4. Lee J., Han J.-H., Lee Y., Lee H. Separation characteristics study of ridge-cut explosive bolts. Aerospace Science and Technology. 2014. Vol. 39. Р. 153-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2014.08.016

5. Yanhua L., Jingcheng W., Shihui X., Li C., Yuquan W., Zhiliang L. Numerical Study of Separation Characteristics of Piston-Type Explosive Bolt. Shock and Vibration. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2092796

6. Yanhua L., Yuan L., Xiaogan L., Yuquan W., Huina M., Zhiliang L. Identification of Pyrotechnic Shock Sources for Shear Type Explosive Bolt. Shock and Vibration. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3846236

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15.1.2020 Simulation of thermomechanical processes in functionally-gradient materials of inhomogeneous structure in the manufacturing and operation of rocket structural elements

Вацлав Самусевич — Wed, 13 Sep 2023 11:07:28 +0000

15. Simulation of thermomechanical processes in functionally-gradient materials of inhomogeneous structure in the manufacturing and operation of rocket structural elements

Authors:

Usov A. V., Kunitsyn М. V.

Organization:

Institute of Mechanical Engineering of Odessa National Polytechnic University, Odessa, Ukraine

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2020, (1); 137-148

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2020.01.137

Language: Ukrainian

Annotation: The strength of real solids depends essentially on the defect of the structure. In real materials, there is always a large number of various micro defects, the development of which under the influence of loading leads to the appearance of cracks and their growth in the form of local or complete destruction. In this paper, based on the method of singular integral equations, we present a unified approach to the solution of thermal elasticity problems for bodies weakened by inhomogeneities. The purpose of the work is to take into account the heterogeneities in the materials of the elements of the rocket structures on their functionally-gradient properties, including strength. The choice of the method of investigation of strength and destruction of structural elements depends on the size of the object under study. Micro-research is related to the heterogeneities that are formed in the surface layer at the stage of preparation, the technology of manufacturing structural elements. Defectiveness allows you to adequately consider the mechanism of destruction of objects as a process of development of cracks. In studying the limit state of real elements, weakened by defects and constructing on this basis the theory of their strength and destruction in addition to the deterministic one must consider the probabilistic – statistical approach. In the case of thermal action on structural elements in which there are uniformly scattered, non-interacting randomly distributed defects of the type of cracks, the laws of joint distribution of the length and angle of orientation of which are known, the limiting value of the heat flux for the balanced state of the crack having the length of the “weakest link” is determined. The influence of heterogeneities of technological origin (from the workpiece to the finished product) that occur in the surface layer in the technology of manufacturing structural elements on its destruction is taken into account by the developed model. The strength of real solids depends essentially on the defect of the structure. In real materials, there are always many various micro defects, the development of which under the influence of loading leads to the appearance of cracks and their growth in the form of local or complete destruction. In this paper, based on the method of singular integral equations, we present a unified approach to the solution of thermal elasticity problems for bodies weakened by inhomogeneities. The purpose of the work is to take into account the heterogeneities in the materials of the elements of the rocket structures on their functionally gradient properties, including strength. The choice of the method of investigation of strength and destruction of structural elements depends on the size of the object under study. Micro-research is related to the heterogeneities that are formed in the surface layer at the stage of preparation, the technology of manufacturing structural elements. Defectiveness allows you to adequately consider the mechanism of destruction of objects as a process of development of cracks. In studying the limit state of real elements, weakened by defects and constructing on this basis the theory of their strength and destruction besides the deterministic one must consider the probabilistic – statistical approach. With thermal action on structural elements in which there are uniformly scattered, non-interacting randomly distributed defects of the cracks, the laws of joint distribution of the length and angle of orientation of which are known, the limiting value of the heat flux for the balanced state of the crack having the length of the “weakest link” is determined. The influence of heterogeneities of technological origin (from the workpiece to the finished product) that occur in the surface layer in the technology of manufacturing structural elements on its destruction is taken into account by the developed model. The solution of the singular integral equation with the Cauchy kernel allows one to determine the intensity of stresses around the vertexes of defects of the cracks, and by comparing it with the criterion of fracture toughness for the material of a structural element, one can determine its state. If this criterion is violated, the weak link defect develops into a trunk crack. Also, a criterion correlation of the condition of the equilibrium defect condition with a length of 2l was got, depending on the magnitude of the contact temperature. When the weld is cooled, it develops “hot cracks” that lead to a lack of welding elements of the structures. The results of the simulation using singular integral equations open the possibility to evaluate the influence of thirdparty fillers on the loss of functional properties of inhomogeneous systems. The exact determination of the order and nature of the singularity near the vertices of the acute-angled imperfection in the inhomogeneous medium, presented in the analytical form, is necessary to plan and record the corresponding criterion relations to determine the functional properties of inhomogeneous systems.

Key words: mathematical model, linear systems, singular integral equations, impulse response, defects, criteria for the destruction of stochastically defective bodies, Riemann problem, thermoelastic state

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7. Oborskii G. А. Modelirovanie sistem : monografiia. Odessa: Astroprint, 2013. 664 s.

8. Usov A. V. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie protsessov kontrolia pokrytiia elementov konstruktsii na baze SIU. Problemy mashinostroeniia. 2010. Т.13. №1. s. 98−109.

9. Kunitsyn M. V., Tribocorrosion research of NI-Al2O3/TIO2 composite materials obtained by the method of electrochemical deposition. M.V. Kunitsyn, A.V Usov. Zb. nauk. prats, Suchasni tekhnolohii v mashinobuduvanni. Vyp. 12. Kharkiv: NTU KhPI, 2017. s. 61−70.

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11. Usov A. V. Vvedenie v metody optimizatsii i teoriiu tekhnicheskikh sistem. Odessa: Astroprint, 2005. 496 s.

12. Popov G. Ya. Kontsentratsiia uprugikh napriazhenii vozle shtampov, razrezov, tonkikh vkliuchenii i podkreplenii. M.: Nauka, 1982. 344 s.

13. Cherepanov G. P. Mekhanika khrupkogo razrusheniia. M.: Nauka., 1974. 640 s.

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16. Morozov N. F. Matematicheskie voprosy teorii treshchin. M.: Nauka, 1984. 256 s.

17. Popov G. Ya. Izbrannye trudy. Т. 1, 2. Odessa: VMV, 2007. 896 s.

18. Grigirian G. D., Usov A. V., Chaplia М. Yu. Vliianie shlifovochnykh defektov na prochnost detalei nesushchei sistemy. Vsesoiuzn. konf. Nadezhnost i dolgovechnost mashin i priborov. 1984. s.101−106.

19. Rais Dzh. Matematicheskie metody v mekhanike razrusheniia. Razrushenie. V 2 t. М.: Mir, 1975.Т.2. S. 204−335.

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11.1.2020 Some results of strength calculations relying on analytical and FEM approaches. Trends of using contemporary machine learning strategies

Вацлав Самусевич — Wed, 13 Sep 2023 10:51:08 +0000

11. Some results of strength calculations relying on analytical and FEM approaches. Trends of using contemporary machine learning strategies

Authors:

Gryshchak V. Z.

Organization:

Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2020, (1); 107-113

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2020.01.107

Language: Russian

Annotation: This article analyzes the results of studies, which are based on numerical methods of analysis, of the stress-strain state of thin-walled shell structures. This article also discusses analytical solutions that apply asymptotic approaches and a method of initial parameters in a matrix form for solving a problem of equal stability of reinforced compartments of combined shell systems of the rocket and space technology within the scope of the research being carried out jointly by teams of Yuzhnoye State Design Office and Zaporizhzhya National University. The primary attention is paid to the use of FEM-based direct numerical methods and the research results for which analytical methods can be useful for making a preliminary assessment of the bearing capacity of load-bearing structures, and in some cases for their rational design. This article does not contrast numerical and analytical approaches but about the possibility of using them effectively. The article talks about possible ways of using the up-to-date technique of machine learning (Machine Learning Technology) in the calculation and experimental methods for determining the characteristics of the rocket and space technology.

Key words: numerical and analytical methods, stress-strain state, rocket structures, shell system, reinforcing load-bearing elements, local and general stability, machine learning technology

Bibliography:

1. Jean-Jacques Rousseau. URL: https://www.sdamesse.ru/2019/03/blog-post_14.html.

2. Akimov D. V., Gristchak V. Z., Gomenjuk S. I., Grebenyk S. N., Lisniak А. А., Choporov S. V., Larionov I. F., Klimenko D. V., Sirenko V. N. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie i issledovanie prochnosti silovykh elementov konstruktsij kosmicheskikh letatelnykh apparatov. Visn. Zaporiz’koho nats. un-tu. Fiz.-mat. nauky. 2015. № 3. S. 6–13.

3. Akimov D. V., Gristchak V. Z., Gomenjuk S. I., Larionov I. F., Klimenko D. V., Sirenko V. N. Finite-element analysis and experimental investigation on the strength of a three-layered honeycomb sandwich structure of spacecraft adapter module. Strength of Materials. 2016. № 3. P. 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11223-016-9775-y

4. Akimov D. V., Larionov I. F., Klimenko D. V., Gristchak V. Z., Gomenjuk S. I. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie i issledovanie napriazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoianiia otsekov raket kosmicheskogo naznacheniia. Kosmicheskaya tekhnika. Raketnoe vooruzhenie: sb. nauch.-tekhn. st. GP «KB «Yuzhnoye». Dnipro, 2019. Vyp. 1. S. 21–27. https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2019.01.021

5. Yarevskii Ye. А. Teoreticheskie osnovy metodov kompiuternogo modelirovaniia: ucheb.-metod. posobie. Sankt-Peterburg, 2010. 83 S.

6. Klovanich S. F. Metod konechnykh elementov v nelineinykh zadachakh inzhenernoi mekhaniki. Zaporozhie, 2009. 394 S.

7. Akimov D. V., Gristchak V. Z., Larionov I. F., Gomenjuk S. I., Klimenko D. V., Choporov S. V., Grebenyk S. N. Matematicheskoe obespechenie analiza prochnosti silovykh elementov raketno-kosmicheskoi techniki. Problemy obchysliuvalnoi mekhaniky i mitsnosti konstruktsii: zb. nayk. prats. 2017. Vyp. 26. S. 5–21.

8. Akimov D. V., Gristchak V. Z., Gomenjuk S. I., Larionov I. F., Klimenko D. V., Sirenko V. N. Eksperimentalnoe issledovanie deformirovannogo sostoianiia i prochnosti mezhstupenchatogo otseka raketonositelia pri staticheskom vneshnem nagruzhenii. Novi materialy i technolohii v metalurhii ta mashynobuduvanni. 2016. №1. S. 82–89.

9. Akimov D. V., Gristchak V. Z., Grebenyk S. N., Gomenjuk S. I. Sravnitelnyi analiz metodik rascheta napriazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoianiia elementov konstruktsii raketonositelia. Novi materialy i technolohii v metalurhii ta mashynobuduvanni. 2016. № 2. S. 116–120.

10. Gristchak V. Z., Gomeniuk S. I., Grebeniuk S. N., Larionov I. F., Degtiarenko P. G., Akimov D. V. An Investigation of a Spacecraft’s Propellant Tanks Shells Bearing Strength. Aviation in XXI-st Century. Safety in Aviation and Space Technologies: Proccedings the Sixth world congress. Kiev, 2014. Vol. 1. Р. 1.14.49–1.14.51.

11. Gristchak V. Z., Manievich А. I. Vliianiie zhestkosti shpangoutov na izgib iz ploskosti na ustoichivost podkreplennoi tsilindricheskoi obolochki. Gidroaeromechanika i teoriia uprugosti. 1972. Vyp. 14. S. 121–130.

12. Gristchak V. Z., Diachenko N. M. Opredelenie oblastei ustoichivosti konicheskoi obolochki pri kombinirovanom nagruzhenii na baze gibridnogo asimptoticheskogo podkhoda. Visn. Zaporiz’koho nats. un-tu. Fiz.-mat. nauky. 2017. №2. S. 32–46. URL: http:// nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Vznu_mat_2017_2_6.

13. Dehtiarenko P. H., Gristchak V. Z., Gristchak D. D., Diachenko N. M. K probleme ravnoustojchivosti podkreplenoi obolochechnoi konstruktsii pri kombinirovannom nagruzhenii. Kosmicheskaia nauka I technologiia. 2019. Т. 25, № 6(121). S. 3–14.

14. Kononiuk А. Е. Fundamentalnaia teoriia oblachnykh technologij: v 18 kn. Kyiv, 2018. Kn. 1. 620 s.

15. URL: http://datareview.info/article/vse-modeli-mashinnogo-obucheniya-imeyut-svoi-nedostatki

16. Choporova О. V., Choporov S. V., Lysniak А. О. Vykorystannia mashynnoho navchannia dlia prohnozuvannia napruzheno-deformovannoho stanu kvadratnoi plastyny. Matematychne modeliuvannia fizychnykh I tekhnolohichnykh system. Visnyk KhNTU. 2019. № 2(69). S. 192–201.

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9.1.2020 Experimental investigation of a liner-free propellant tank made from polymer composite materials

Вацлав Самусевич — Wed, 13 Sep 2023 10:43:08 +0000

9. Experimental investigation of a liner-free propellant tank made from polymer composite materials

Authors:

Sidoruk А. V., Popov D. А., Zadoia А. S., Kalinichenko D. S., Aksenenko O. V., Husarova I. O., Derevianko I. I., Kharchenko V. M., Litot O. V.

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2020, (1); 90-98

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2020.01.090

Language: Russian

Annotation: The exploratory and experimental investigations were conducted into design of propellant tank made of composite polymer materials for work in cryogenic environment at operating pressure of 7.5 kgf/cm2 . When determining the configuration of a liner-free composite propellant tank, the main requirement was ensuring its leak-tightness at internal excess pressure and cryogenic temperature effect. The world experience of creating similar designs was analyzed and the requirements were defined imposed on configuration of propellant tank load-bearing shells. Before defining the final configuration, the types of materials, reinforcing patterns, and possible ways to ensure leak-tightness were analyzed, and preliminary tests were conducted of physical and mechanical characteristics of thin-wall samples of composite materials and tubular structures with different reinforcing patterns. The tests of carbon plastic samples were conducted at different curing modes to determine the most effective one from the viewpoint of strength characteristics and the tests for permeability by method of mouthpiece were conducted. The tests of pilot propellant tank showed that the calculated values of deformations and displacements differ from the experimental values by no more than 10 %. Using the parameters measurement results from the tests on liquid nitrogen, the empirical formulas were obtained to calculate linear thermal expansion coefficient of the package of materials of load -bearing shell. The empirical dependences were constructed of relative ring deformations at load-bearing shell middle section on pressure and temperature. The tests confirmed correctness of adopted solutions to ensure strength and leak-tightness of propellant tank load-bearing shell at combined effect on internal excess pressure and cryogenic temperature, particularly at cyclic loading. The materials used and propellant tank manufacturing technologies ensure leak-tightness of load-bearing shell at liquid nitrogen operating pressure of 7.5 kgf/cm2 and strength at excess pressure of 15 kgf/cm2 and allow conducting approbation of prospective stage of the integrated launch vehicle.

Key words: load-bearing shell, permeability, cryogenic propellant, relative deformations, linear thermal expansion coefficient

Bibliography:

1. Frantsevich I. М., Karpinos D. М. Kompozitsionnye materialy voloknistogo stroeniia. K., 1970.

2. TSM YZH ANL 009 00. Composite fuel tank for ILV, Dnipro, Yuzhnoye SDO, 2019.

3. Zheng H., Zeng X., Zhang J., Sun H. The application of carbon fiber composites in cryotank. Solidification. 2018. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73127

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5.1.2020 Strength and stability of inhomogeneous structures of space technology, consid-ering plasticity and creep

Вацлав Самусевич — Wed, 13 Sep 2023 06:15:53 +0000

5. Strength and stability of inhomogeneous structures of space technology, consid-ering plasticity and creep

Authors:

Hudramovych V. S.², Sirenko V. M.¹, Klimenko D. V.¹, Hart Ye. L.³

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine¹; The Institute of Technical Mechanics, Dnipro, Ukraine²; Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine³

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2020, (1); 44-56

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2020.01.044

Language: Russian

Annotation: The shell structures widely used in space rocket hardware feature, along with decided advantage in the form of optimal combination of mass and strength, inhomogeneities of different nature: structural (different thicknesses, availability of reinforcements, cuts-holes et al.) and technological (presence of defects arising in manufacturing process or during storage, transportation and unforseen thermomechanical effects). The above factors are concentrators of stress and strain state and can lead to early destruction of structural elements. Their different parts are deformed according to their program and are characterized by different levels of stress and strain state. Taking into consideration plasticity and creeping of material, to determine stress and strain state, the approach is effective where the calculation is divided into phases; in each phase the parameters are entered that characterize the deformations of plasticity and creeping: additional loads in the equations of equilibrium or in boundary conditions, additional deformations or variable parameters of elasticity (elasticity modulus and Poisson ratio). Then the schemes of successive approximations are constructed: in each phase, the problem of elasticity theory is solved with entering of the above parameters. The problems of determining the lifetime of space launch vehicles and launching facilities should be noted separately, as it is connected with damages that arise at alternating-sign thermomechanical loads of high intensity. The main approach in lifetime determination is one that is based on the theory of low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue. Plasticity and creeping of material are the fundamental factors in lifetime substantiation. The article deals with various aspects of solving the problem of strength and stability of space rocket objects with consideration for the impact of plasticity and creeping deformations.

Key words: shell structures, stress and strain state, structural and technological inhomogeneity, thermomechanical loads, low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue, lifetime

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8. Hudramovych V. S. Contact mechanics of shell structures under local loading. Int. Appl. Mech. 2009. V. 45, No 7. P. 708 – 729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10778-009-0224-5

9. Iliushin A. A. Trudy v 4-kh t. М., 2009. Т. 4. Modelirovanie dinamicheskikh protsessov v tverdykh telakh i inzhenernye prilozheniia. 526 s.

10. Hudramovich V. S. Plasticheskoe vypuchivanie tsilindricheskoi obolochki konechnoi dliny pri impulsnom lokalnom nagruzhenii. Teoriia obolochek i plastin: tr. 8-i Vsesoiuzn. konf. Po teorii obolochek i plastin (Rostov-na-Donu, 1971 g.). М., 1973. S. 125 – 130.

11. Nelineinye modeli i zadachi mekhaniki deformiruemogo tverdogo tela. Sb. nauch. tr., posv. 70-letiiu so dnia rozhd. Yu. N. Rabotnova / otv. red. K. V. Frolov. М., 1984. 210 s.

12. Binkevich Е. V., Troshin V. G. Ob odnom sposobe linearizatsii uravnenii teorii obolochek srednego izgiba. Prochnost i dolgovechnost elementov konstruktsii: sb. nauch. tr. / otv. red. V. S. Hudramovich. Kiev, 1983. S. 53 – 58.

13. Rabotnov Yu. N. Problemy mekhaniki deformiruemogo tverdogo tela. Izbrannye Trudy / otv. red. K. V. Frolov. М., 1991. 196 s.

14. Hudramovich V. S. Teoriia polzuchesti i ee prilozheniia k raschetu elementov tonkostennykh konstruktsii. Kiev, 2005. 224 s.

15. Hudramovych V. S., Hart E. L., Ryabokon’ S. A. Plastic deformation of nonhomogeneous plates. J. Math. Eng. 2013. V. 78, Iss. 1. P. 181 – 197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10665-010-9409-5

16. Hart E. L., Hudramovych V. S. Applications of the projective-iterative versions of FEM in damage problems for engineering structures. Maintenance 2012. Proceedings of 2th Int. Conf. (Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2012). Zenica, 2012. P. 157 – 164.

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20.2.2018 The Use of Special Devices during Launch Pad Development Testing

Вацлав Самусевич — Thu, 07 Sep 2023 12:27:24 +0000

20. The Use of Special Devices during Launch Pad Development Testing

Authors:

Fedenko B. R., Onischenko S. M., Yerofeyev S. I.

Organization:

Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine

Page: Kosm. teh. Raket. vooruž. 2018 (2); 173-177

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33136/stma2018.02.173

Language: Russian

Annotation: One of the tasks of the development tests conducted on a launch pad is verification of its strength properties. The tests are carried out after the launch pad was manufactured and assembled on-site as well as during the whole operating period (if necessary). Load mode was chosen in consideration of cost and possibility of providing the required loading conditions. Two modes of creating the required test load were examined: usage of weights with corresponding mass (load simulators) or special devises (which have smaller mass as compared with load simulators). The descriptions, basic characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of composite and bulk weights and pad loading device are given. This article studies the pad loading device under development. This device enables to conduct static nondestructive tests on the launch pad in order to check its strength after manufacturing and during the whole operating period. The device consists of the load-bearing frame, hydraulic system, locks, control system and measurement system. Advantages of the pad loading device include low materials consumption, low cost in comparison with composite weights (with large load values), provision of the required modes for applying and removing the test load, controlled separate loading of each support of the launch pad, high mobility, short duration of testing, possibility of using launch pads of other rocket complexes with lower or equal test load values for testing. Therefore, the pad loading device enables to achieve the required test load values while having considerably smaller dimensions and mass as compared with composite weights and bigger functional possibilities as compared with bulk weights. Small overall dimensions and operability reduce the number of needed personnel and equipment.

Key words: weight for testing, test load, loading device

Bibliography:

1. ISO 14625:2007. Space systems. Ground support equipment for use at launch, landing or retrieval sites. General requirement. Brought in 01.11.2007. 32 p.

2. Launch Vehicle Mass Dummy: Patent RU2491211 RF: MPK B64G 5/00, B64G 7/00, F42B 15/00 / Dneprotyazhmash. Published 27.08.2013. 12 p.

3. Method of Poles Static Testing and Poles Static Test Device: Patent RU2173747: RF E02D 33/00 / NPSF Fundamentspetstroy. Published 20.09.2001. 10 p.

4. ISO 16290:2013. Space systems. Definition of the Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and their criteria of assessment. Brought in 14.10.2013. 20 p.

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